Bibliometric analysis of the global trends in immune-related recurrent pregnancy loss research over the last two decades.

PROBLEM: A comprehensive analysis was conducted to explore the scientific output on immune-related recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and its key aspects. Despite the lack of clear explanations for most RPL cases, immune factors were found to play a significant role. METHOD OF STUDY: The study utilized a bibliometric approach, searching the Web of Science Core Collection database for relevant literature published between 2004 and 2023. RESULTS: The collected dataset consisted of 2228 articles and reviews, revealing a consistent increase in publications and citations over the past two decades. The analysis identified the United States and China as the most productive countries in terms of RPL research. Among the institutions, Fudan University in China emerged as the top contributor, followed by Shanghai Jiaotong University. Kwak-kim J was the most prolific author, while Christiansen Ob had the highest number of co-citations. The top 25 co-cited references on diagnosis, treatment, and mechanisms formed the foundation of knowledge in this field. By examining keyword co-occurrence and co-citations, the study found that antiphospholipid syndrome and natural killer cells were the primary areas of focus in immune-related RPL research. Additionally, three emerging hotspots were identified: chronic endometritis, inflammation, and decidual macrophages. These aspects demonstrated increasing interest and research activity within the field of immune-related RPL. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, this comprehensive bibliometric analysis provided valuable insights into the patterns, frontiers, and focal points of global scientific output related to immune-related RPL.

Highly stabilized and efficient thermoelectric copper selenide.

The liquid-like feature of thermoelectric superionic conductors is a double-edged sword: the long-range migration of ions hinders the phonon transport, but their directional segregation greatly impairs the service stability. We report the synergetic enhancement in figure of merit (ZT) and stability in Cu1.99Se-based superionic conductors enabled by ion confinement effects. Guided by density functional theory and nudged elastic band simulations, we elevated the activation energy to restrict ion migrations through a cation-anion co-doping strategy. We reduced the carrier concentration without sacrificing the low thermal conductivity, obtaining a ZT of ∼3.0 at 1,050 K. Notably, the fabricated device module maintained a high conversion efficiency of up to ∼13.4% for a temperature difference of 518 K without obvious degradation after 120 cycles. Our work could be generalized to develop electrically and thermally robust functional materials with ionic migration characteristics.

Application of Biotechniques for In Vitro Virus and Viroid Elimination in Pome Fruit Crops.

Sustainable production of pome fruit crops is dependent upon having virus-free planting materials. The production and distribution of plants derived from virus- and viroid-negative sources is necessary not only to control pome fruit viral diseases but also for sustainable breeding activities, as well as the safe movement of plant materials across borders. With variable success rates, different in vitro-based techniques, including shoot tip culture, micrografting, thermotherapy, chemotherapy, and shoot tip cryotherapy, have been employed to eliminate viruses from pome fruits. Higher pathogen eradication efficiencies have been achieved by combining two or more of these techniques. An accurate diagnosis that confirms complete viral elimination is crucial for developing effective management strategies. In recent years, considerable efforts have resulted in new reliable and efficient virus detection methods. This comprehensive review documents the development and recent advances in biotechnological methods that produce healthy pome fruit plants. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.

Isolated spinal artery aneurysm: etiology, clinical characteristics, and outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: Isolated spinal aneurysms (ISAs) are rare causes of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), which encompass a highly heterogeneous group of clinical entities with multifarious pathogeneses, clinical characteristics, and treatment strategies. Therefore, knowledge about the ISAs remains inadequate. In this study, the authors present a comprehensive analysis of clinical data associated with ISAs at their institutions to enhance the understanding of this disease. METHODS: Patients with ISAs confirmed by spinal angiography or surgery at the authors' institutions between 2015 and 2022 were included. Data regarding clinical presentation, lesion location, aneurysm morphology, comorbidities, treatment results, and clinical outcomes were reviewed. RESULTS: Seven patients with ISAs were included in the study. Among them, 4 patients (57.1%) experienced severe headache, and 3 patients (42.9%) reported sudden-onset back pain. Additionally, lower-extremity weakness and urinary retention were observed in 2 of these patients (28.6%). Four of the aneurysms exhibited fusiform morphology, whereas the remaining were saccular. All saccular aneurysms in this series were attributed to hemodynamic factors. Conservative treatment was administered to 3 patients, 2 of whom underwent follow-up digital subtraction angiography, which showed spontaneous occlusion of both aneurysms. Four patients ultimately underwent invasive treatments, including 2 who underwent microsurgery and 2 who received endovascular embolization. One patient died of recurrent SAH, while the remaining 6 patients had a favorable prognosis at the latest follow-up assessment. CONCLUSIONS: The morphology of aneurysms may be associated with their etiology. Saccular ISAs are usually caused by pressure due to abnormally increased blood flow, whereas fusiform lesions may be more likely to be secondary to vessel wall damage. The authors found that a saccular spinal aneurysm in young patients with a significant dilated parent artery may be a vestige of spinal cord arteriovenous shunts. ISAs can be managed by surgical, endovascular, or conservative procedures, and the clinical outcome is generally favorable. However, the heterogeneous nature of the disease necessitates personalized treatment decision-making based on specific clinical features of each patient.

Correlation between Carotid Blood Flow Velocity and Total Magnetic Resonance Imaging Burden of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Patients with Recent Small Subcortical Infarcts.

BACKGROUND: The common and internal carotid arteries are the upstream vessels of the small cerebral vessels. The relationship between hemodynamic changes in the significant cervical vessels and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) remains uncertain. This research sought to analyze the correlation between carotid blood flow velocity and the total magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) burden of CSVD in patients with recent small subcortical infarcts (RSSIs). METHODS: Data were gathered from individuals diagnosed with RSSIs admitted to Changzhou Second People's Hospital between January 2022 and June 2023. Brain MRI was performed on every patient to determine the overall MRI burden of CSVD, along with carotid duplex ultrasound to evaluate carotid blood flow velocity and pulsatility index (PI) of the common carotid (CCA) and internal carotid (ICA) arteries. The association between carotid blood flow velocity and the total MRI load of CSVD was examined using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: For our investigation, 272 individuals with RSSIs were screened. 82 individuals had a moderate to severe load of CSVD, while 190 participants showed a mild burden. Patients with moderate to severe burden of CSVD had lower end-diastolic velocity (EDV) and higher PI in CCA and ICA than those with mild load (P < 0.001). After adjusting for variables like age, hypertension, systolic blood pressure, and blood homocysteine levels, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that EDV in CCA (OR, 0.894; P = 0.011), PI in CCA (OR, 5.869; P = 0.017), EDV in ICA (OR, 0.909; P = 0.008), and PI in ICA (OR, 5.324; P = 0.041) were independently related to moderate to severe CSVD burden. Spearman correlation analysis showed that EDV in CCA and ICA was negatively related to the total MRI load of CSVD in patients with RSSIs (P < 0.001). PI in CCA and ICA was positively associated with the whole MRI load of CSVD (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Low carotid blood flow velocity and high carotid pulsatility index are independently associated with moderate to severe burden of CSVD.

Gut microbiota and risk of polycystic ovary syndrome: Insights from Mendelian randomization.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifaceted endocrine and metabolic syndrome with complex origins and pathogenesis that has not yet been fully elucidated. Recently, the interconnection between gut microbiota and metabolic diseases has gained prominence in research, generating new insights into the correlation between PCOS and gut microbiota composition. However, the causal link between PCOS and gut microbiota remains relatively unexplored, indicating a crucial gap in current research. Methods: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis using summary statistics obtained from the MiBioGen Consortium's extensive genome-wide association studies (GWAS) meta-analysis, focusing on the gut microbiota. Summary statistics for PCOS were acquired from the FinnGen Consortium R7 release data. Various statistical approaches, including inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, maximum likelihood, weighted model, and weighted median, have been employed to investigate the causal association between the gut microbiota and PCOS. Additionally, we performed a reverse causal analysis. Cochran's Q statistic was used to assess the heterogeneity of the instrumental variables. Regarding the relationships between PCOS and specific genera within the gut microbiota, a significance level of P < 0.05 was observed, but only when q ≥ 0.1. Results: Our analysis revealed that specific microbial genera, namely Bilophila (P = 4.62 × 10-3), Blautia (P = 0.02), and Holdemania (P = 0.04), displayed a protective effect against PCOS. Conversely, the presence of the Lachnospiraceae family of bacteria was associated with a detrimental effect on PCOS (P = 0.04). Furthermore, reverse Mendelian randomization analysis confirmed the significant influence of Lachnospiraceae on PCOS. No significant variations in instrumental variables or evidence of horizontal pleiotropy were observed. Conclusions: The results revealed a definitive causal link between PCOS and the presence of Bilophila, Blautia, Holdemania, and Lachnospiraceae in the gut microbiota. This discovery could provide pivotal insights, leading to novel preventive and therapeutic approaches for PCOS.

Wide-temperature-range thermoelectric n-type Mg3(Sb,Bi)2 with high average and peak zT values.

Mg3(Sb,Bi)2 is a promising thermoelectric material suited for electronic cooling, but there is still room to optimize its low-temperature performance. This work realizes >200% enhancement in room-temperature zT by incorporating metallic inclusions (Nb or Ta) into the Mg3(Sb,Bi)2-based matrix. The electrical conductivity is boosted in the range of 300-450 K, whereas the corresponding Seebeck coefficients remain unchanged, leading to an exceptionally high room-temperature power factor >30 µW cm-1 K-2; such an unusual effect originates mainly from the modified interfacial barriers. The reduced interfacial barriers are conducive to carrier transport at low and high temperatures. Furthermore, benefiting from the reduced lattice thermal conductivity, a record-high average zT > 1.5 and a maximum zT of 2.04 at 798 K are achieved, resulting in a high thermoelectric conversion efficiency of 15%. This work demonstrates an efficient nanocomposite strategy to enhance the wide-temperature-range thermoelectric performance of n-type Mg3(Sb,Bi)2, broadening their potential for practical applications.

[Characteristics and Dominant Influencing Factors of the Fungal Community Structure in Soils Co-contaminated with Rare Earth Elements and Heavy Metals].

Rare earth elements (REEs) have been listed as emerging pollutants and are often enriched together in soils with heavy metals (HMs), which results in ecological crises. The ecological effects caused by REEs have been attracting increasing amounts of attention, but most studies neglect the synergistic effect of REEs and HMs. The soil fungal community plays an important role in maintaining ecosystem functions, and understanding the fungal community structure and its dominant influencing factors in the co-contaminated soils will help to develop soil remediation strategies that could reduce or remedy the impacts of human production activities on the environment. Currently, the effects of long-term contamination of REEs and HMs on the soil fungal communities remain unclear. The Baotou rare earth tailings dam (Inner Mongolia, China) was used as the area of study, and soil samples co-contaminated with REEs and HMs were collected. Illumina high-throughput sequencing with ITS1 gene amplicons was used to analyze the fungal community diversity and structural characteristics. The results showed that the heterogeneity of soil environmental variables determined the distribution of fungal communities in a small area and constituted its own unique ecological niche in the co-contaminated environment. The fungal community richness and diversity in the co-contaminated soils were significantly lower than those in the uncontaminated soils, and the composition of the fungal community was significantly different. The results of a random forest (RF) analysis showed that TN was the most important factor that affected the fungal community richness and diversity, followed by REEs, Zn, and AK. The results of a canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that Zn was the most important factor that affected the fungal community structure. A variation partitioning analysis (VPA) was performed to quantify the relative contributions of different environmental variables on the changes in fungal community structure, and the analytical results showed that all the detected environmental variables could explain 93.3% of the variation in soil fungal community. The combined effect of soil physicochemical properties and pollution factors (REEs and HMs) accounted for 58.5% of the total variation, and their contribution alone accounted for 13.5% and 21%, respectively. The effects of these pollution factors on the fungal communities were slightly higher than those of the soil physicochemical properties. The synergistic contributions of REEs and HMs were 40.1%, and their individual effects were 21.8% and 17.9%, respectively. Therefore, the soil physicochemical properties, REEs, and HMs regulated the fungal community structure and composition in concert. The synergistic contributions of REEs and HMs were greater than their individual effects, and these results suggest that it is necessary to further strengthen the risk control of the co-contamination of REEs and HMs in the soil environment.

Bi-Deficiency Leading to High-Performance in Mg3 (Sb,Bi)2 -Based Thermoelectric Materials.

Mg3 (Sb,Bi)2 is a potential nearly-room temperature thermoelectric compound composed of earth-abundant elements. However, complex defect tuning and exceptional microstructural control are required. Prior studies have confirmed the detrimental effect of Mg vacancies (VMg ) in Mg3 (Sb,Bi)2 . This study proposes an approach to mitigating the negative scattering effect of VMg by Bi deficiency, synergistically modulating the electrical and thermal transport properties to enhance the thermoelectric performance. Positron annihilation spectrometry and Cs -corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy analyses indicated that the VMg tends to coalesce due to the introduced Bi vacancies (VBi ). The defects created by Bi deficiency effectively weaken the scattering of electrons from the intrinsic VMg and enhance phonon scattering. A peak zT of 1.82 at 773 K and high conversion efficiency of 11.3% at ∆T = 473 K are achieved in the optimized composition of Mg3 (Sb,Bi)2 by tuning the defect combination. This work demonstrates a feasible and effective approach to improving the performance of Mg3 (Sb,Bi)2 as an emerging thermoelectric material.

Determination of the components of danyikangtai powder into the plasma and its pharmacodynamic study.

Danyikangtai powder has a definite therapeutic effect on pancreatitis. However, the internal mechanism is unclear. The purpose of this experiment is to quickly identify the blood components of danyikangtai powder and evaluate its efficacy. 25 blood components were identified by comparing the components with the same mass spectrometry information from in vivo and in vitro samples. The AR42J cells of the pancreatitis model were treated with drug-containing plasma, and the drug efficacy was evaluated by investigating the amylase release rate. This study provides a scientific reference for its pharmacological research and rational clinical application.

Sildenafil Inhibits the Growth and Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition of Cervical Cancer via the TGF-ß1/Smad2/3 Pathway.

AIMS: The study aims to explore new potential treatments for cervical cancer. BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women, causing >250,000 deaths worldwide. Patients with cervical cancer are mainly treated with platinum compounds, which often cause severe toxic reactions. Furthermore, the long-term use of platinum compounds can reduce the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy and increase the drug resistance of cervical cancer. Therefore, exploring new treatment options is meaningful for cervical cancer. OBJECTIVE: The present study was to investigate the effect of sildenafil on the growth and epithelial-tomesenchymal transition (EMT) of cervical cancer. METHODS: HeLa and SiHa cells were treated with sildenafil for different durations. Cell viability, clonogenicity, wound healing, and Transwell assays were performed. The levels of transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1), transforming growth factor-ß type I receptor (TßRI), phosphorylated (p-) Smad2 and p-Smad3 in cervical cancer samples were measured. TGF-ß1, Smad2 or Smad3 were overexpressed in HeLa cells, and we measured the expression of EMT marker proteins and the changes in cell viability, colony formation, etc. Finally, HeLa cells were used to establish a nude mouse xenograft model with sildenafil treatment. The survival rate of mice and the tumor size were recorded. RESULTS: High concentrations of sildenafil (1.0-2.0 µM) reduced cell viability, the number of HeLa and SiHa colonies, and the invasion/migration ability of HeLa and SiHa cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The expression of TGF-ß1, TßRI, p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 was significantly enhanced in cervical cancer samples and cervical cancer cell lines. Sildenafil inhibited the expression of TGF-ß1-induced EMT marker proteins (Snail, vimentin, Twist, E-cadherin and N-cadherin) and p-Smad2/3 in HeLa cells. Overexpression of TGF-ß1, Smad2, and Smad3 reversed the effect of sildenafil on EMT, viability, colony formation, migration, and invasion ability of HeLa cells. In the in vivo study, sildenafil significantly increased mouse survival rates and suppressed xenograft growth. CONCLUSION: Sildenafil inhibits the proliferation, invasion ability, and EMT of human cervical cancer cells by regulating the TGF-ß1/Smad2/3 pathway.

Correction: Vital Signs During the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Retrospective Analysis of 19,960 Participants in Wuhan and Four Nearby Capital Cities in China.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.5334/gh.913.].

Evolution of defect structures leading to high ZT in GeTe-based thermoelectric materials.

GeTe is a promising mid-temperature thermoelectric compound but inevitably contains excessive Ge vacancies hindering its performance maximization. This work reveals that significant enhancement in the dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) could be realized by defect structure engineering from point defects to line and plane defects of Ge vacancies. The evolved defects including dislocations and nanodomains enhance phonon scattering to reduce lattice thermal conductivity in GeTe. The accumulation of cationic vacancies toward the formation of dislocations and planar defects weakens the scattering against electronic carriers, securing the carrier mobility and power factor. This synergistic effect on electronic and thermal transport properties remarkably increases the quality factor. As a result, a maximum ZT > 2.3 at 648 K and a record-high average ZT (300-798 K) were obtained for Bi0.07Ge0.90Te in lead-free GeTe-based compounds. This work demonstrates an important strategy for maximizing the thermoelectric performance of GeTe-based materials by engineering the defect structures, which could also be applied to other thermoelectric materials.

Effect of social app-assisted education and support on glucose control in patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus.

Background: Social app-assisted education and support may facilitate diabetes self-management. We aim to evaluate the effect of WeChat, a popular social app, on glycemic control in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: We conducted a parallel-group, open-label, randomized clinical trial that included 160 patients with both CHD and diabetes mellitus from a tertiary hospital in China. The intervention group (n = 80) received educational materials (information on glucose monitoring, drug usage, medication, and lifestyle) and reminders in response to individual blood glucose values via WeChat. The control group (n = 80) received usual care. The primary outcome was a change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) levels over 3 months. Secondary outcomes included fasting blood glucose (FBG), systolic blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol from baseline to 3 months. Analysis was conducted using a linear mixed model. Results: The intervention group had a greater reduction in HbA1C (-0.85 vs. 0.15%, between-group difference: -1.00%; 95% CI -1.31 to -0.69%; p < 0.001) compared with the control group. Change in fasting blood glucose was larger in the intervention group (-1.53 mmol/L; 95% CI -1.90 to -1.17; p < 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (-9.06 mmHg; 95% CI -12.38 to -5.73; p < 0.001), but not LDL (between-group difference, -0.08 mmol/L; 95% CI -0.22 to 0.05; p = 0.227). Conclusion: The combination of social app with education and support resulted in better glycemic control in patients with CHD and DM. These results suggest that education and support interaction via social app may benefit self-management in CHD and DM.

Effect of Canagliflozin on Total Cardiovascular Burden in Patients With Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Post Hoc Analysis From the CREDENCE Trial.

Background The sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor canagliflozin reduced the risk of first cardiovascular composite events in the CREDENCE (Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes With Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation) trial. In this post hoc analysis, we evaluated the effect of canagliflozin on total (first and recurrent) cardiovascular events. Methods and Results The CREDENCE trial compared canagliflozin or matching placebo in 4401 patients with type 2 diabetes, albuminuria, and estimated glomerular filtration rate of 30 to <90 mL/min per 1.73 m2, over a median of 2.6 years. The primary outcome was analyzed as a composite of any cardiovascular event including myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for heart failure, hospitalization for unstable angina, and cardiovascular death. Negative binomial regression models were used to assess the effect of canagliflozin on the net burden of cardiovascular events. During the trial, 634 patients had 883 cardiovascular events, of whom 472 (74%) had just 1 cardiovascular event and 162 (26%) had multiple cardiovascular events. Canagliflozin reduced first cardiovascular events by 26% (hazard ratio, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.63-0.86]; P<0.001) and total cardiovascular events by 29% (incidence rate ratio, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.59-0.86]; P<0.001). The absolute risk difference per 1000 patients treated over 2.5 years was -44 (95% CI, -67 to -21) first cardiovascular events and -73 (95% CI, -114 to -33) total events. Conclusions Canagliflozin reduced cardiovascular events, with a larger absolute benefit for total cardiovascular than first cardiovascular events. These findings provide further support for the benefit of continuing canagliflozin therapy after an initial event to prevent recurrent cardiovascular events. Registration Information URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique Identifier: NCT02065791.

An Empirical Study on the Inequality in Health and Healthcare in China's Medical Reform.

To make clear what role the Urban and Rural Residents Basic Medical Insurance (URRBMI) plays in the inequality in health and healthcare, this article combines the time-varying DID method with the concentration index to conduct an empirical study. We find that the URRBMI improves health but expands health inequality among different income groups, with its contribution growing over time. Besides, the URRBMI significantly promotes healthcare utilization, reduces the medical burden, and narrows the gap among different income groups, though this effect is generally downward. These findings help clarify what deserves more attention to enlarge benefits and reduce inequality in this medical reform and provide policy implications for policymakers. Increasing investment in medical resources and constructing the hierarchical medical system and medical treatment combination may make a difference.

Titanium-Enriched Slag Prepared by Atmospheric Hydrochloric Acid Leaching of Mechanically Activated Vanadium Titanomagnetite Concentrates.

The titanium-enriched slag was obtained via atmospheric hydrochloric acid leaching of mechanically activated vanadium titanomagnetite concentrates (VTMCs). Under the influence of mechanical activation, specific physicochemical changes were observed via X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and granulometric laser diffraction analysis. Experimental findings revealed that the mechanical activation of VTMCs resulted in a decrease in the median volume particle diameter (d50) and an increase in the specific surface area (SA) with an increased milling time. The results of the leaching experiment revealed that the mechanical activation treatment favors the extraction of iron (Fe) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) from the VTMCs. The Fe and TiO2 extractions from the mechanically activated sample after 10 h compared with the unactivated sample were increased by 12.82% and 4.73%, respectively. The presence of the ilmenite phase in the titanium-enriched slag was confirmed by X-ray diffractometry and EDS patterns, and the content of the TiO2 in the enriched slag can get as high as 43.75%.

Treatment of bilateral granulomatous lobular mastitis during lactation with traditional Chinese medicine: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) is a type of benign chronic inflammatory disease that poses therapeutic challenges to healthcare providers. The diagnosis of GLM relies on tissue biopsy, and incorrect treatment may lead to delayed diagnosis, considerable aesthetic damage, and even mastectomy. CASE SUMMARY: We report the case of a 37-year-old Chinese woman who was lactating and had GLM in both breasts. At the time of treatment, the right breast had a mass of approximately 15 cm × 11 cm, which was hard and had poor mobility. Multiple skin ulcerations and pus spills were also observed on the surface of the breast. The left breast had a mass of about 13 cm × 9 cm, which was hard and had poor mobility. CONCLUSION: Herein, we report a case of bilateral GLM in a lactating woman that was successfully treated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), without the requirement for surgery or other treatments. Therefore, TCM may have advantages in the nonsurgical treatment of GLM.

Thermoelectric Cu12 Sb4 S13 -Based Synthetic Minerals with a Sublimation-Derived Porous Network.

Pores in a solid can effectively reduce thermal conduction, but they are not favored in thermoelectric materials due to simultaneous deterioration of electrical conductivity. Conceivably, creating a porous structure may endow thermoelectric performance enhancement provided that overwhelming reduction of electrical conductivity can be suppressed. This work demonstrates such an example, in which a porous structure is formed leading to a significant enhancement in the thermoelectric figure of merit (zT). By a unique BiI3 sublimation technique, pore networks can be introduced into tetrahedrite Cu12 Sb4 S13 -based materials, accompanied by changes in their hierarchical structures. The addition of a small quantity of BiI3 (0.7 vol%) results in a ≈72% reduction in the lattice thermal conductivity, whereas the electrical conductivity is improved due to unexpected enhanced carrier mobility. As a result, an enhanced zT of 1.15 at 723 K in porous tetrahedrite and a high conversion efficiency of 6% at ΔT = 419 K in a fabricated segmented single-leg based on this porous material are achieved. This work offers an effective way to concurrently modulate the electrical and thermal properties during the synthesis of high-performance porous thermoelectric materials.